Payday 2 don't have any ban system ingame (like VAC), it's P2P system.
The anti cheat system currently only detect people using DLC unlocker, Skin unlocker, and spawning things that they can't do ingame.
The anti cheat only tells that the player is cheating.

Like Iron said, the only 'real' ban that can happen is if you admit you're blatantly cheating on Payday 2 Steam Forum.
You'll be banned from Payday 2 group, barring you any free community items that you can get by joining the group.

Mods that get hidden here (Last Bullet), is mod that gives the player OP or cheat-like ability.
It gets hidden because LB doesn't permit mods like that.
There are no implication if you keep using it ingame. (other than maybe, guilty conscience.. lol)